Last reviewed 1 Oct 2026 · Facts as of 1 Oct 2026 · 14 min read
A note on currency. Schemes are merged, renamed or discontinued, and the targets and outlays change in every Budget. The launch years and purposes below are the stable core; check the Ministry's website for the present status, benefits and eligibility.
How schemes are classified
- Central Sector Schemes (CS): 100 % funded by the Centre and implemented by the Centre (or its agencies) — e.g., PM-KISAN.
- Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS): funded by the Centre and states in a sharing pattern (e.g., 60:40, 90:10 for the northeast and hill states), implemented by the states — e.g., MGNREGA, PMAY-G, Samagra Shiksha.
- Core of the core, core and optional schemes (the earlier grouping by NITI Aayog).
- Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) (2013) — benefit transfer straight to the bank account of the beneficiary using the JAM trinity (Jan Dhan–Aadhaar–Mobile).
Financial inclusion and social security
| Scheme | Year | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) | 28 Aug 2014 | zero-balance bank accounts for all households; RuPay debit card with accident insurance; overdraft facility — the "national mission for financial inclusion" (Ministry of Finance) |
| Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY) | 2015 | accident insurance (₹2 lakh) for a premium of ₹20 a year |
| Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY) | 2015 | life insurance (₹2 lakh) for ₹436 a year (premium revised to ₹436) |
| Atal Pension Yojana (APY) | 2015 | a guaranteed pension of ₹1,000–5,000 a month after 60, for the unorganised sector |
| Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) | 2015 | collateral-free loans to micro and small enterprises: Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishore (₹50,000–5 lakh), Tarun (₹5–10 lakh); MUDRA (Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) |
| Stand-Up India | 2016 | bank loans (₹10 lakh–1 crore) to SC/ST and women entrepreneurs |
| PM SVANidhi | 2020 | working-capital loans for street vendors |
| National Pension System (NPS) | 2004 (for all citizens from 2009) | contributory pension scheme; PFRDA |
| Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana | 2015 | a small savings account for the girl child (up to age 10) under Beti Bachao Beti Padhao |
| Public Provident Fund (PPF), Senior Citizens Savings Scheme, Kisan Vikas Patra | small savings | |
| National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) | 1995 | old-age, widow and disability pensions |
| Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maandhan | 2019 | pension for unorganised workers |
| Ayushman Bharat | 2018 | see Health |
Agriculture and rural development
| Scheme | Year | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| PM-KISAN (Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi) | Feb 2019 | ₹6,000 a year in three instalments to small and marginal farmer families by DBT (a Central Sector scheme) |
| Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) | 2016 | crop insurance at low farmer premiums (2 % for kharif, 1.5 % for rabi, 5 % for commercial crops) |
| Kisan Credit Card (KCC) | 1998 | short-term credit for farmers |
| Soil Health Card Scheme | 2015 | crop-wise nutrient recommendations |
| Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) | 2015 | "Har Khet Ko Pani", "more crop per drop" — irrigation and water efficiency |
| Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) | 2015 | organic farming |
| e-NAM (National Agriculture Market) | 2016 | an online trading platform for agricultural commodities |
| PM-KUSUM | 2019 | solar pumps and solar power for farmers |
| Agriculture Infrastructure Fund | 2020 | ₹1 lakh crore for post-harvest infrastructure |
| Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) | 2007 | state agriculture development |
| National Mission on Natural Farming | 2024 | |
| Minimum Support Price (MSP) | since 1966–67 | on CACP's recommendation, for 22 mandated crops |
| MGNREGA | 2 Feb 2006 (Act of 2005) | 100 days of guaranteed wage employment to rural households; a rights-based demand-driven scheme; Ministry of Rural Development (a 2025 law, VB–G RAM G, has been introduced to replace it — verify the status) |
| Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G) | 2016 | a pucca house with basic amenities for rural homeless |
| Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) | 2000 | all-weather rural roads |
| DAY-NRLM (Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission) | 2011 (Aajeevika) | self-help groups of rural women |
| Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan, SVAMITVA (2020; property cards using drones), Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (2014; MPs adopt a village) | ||
| Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) | 2 Oct 2014 | open-defecation-free India (declared in 2019); Phase II for solid and liquid waste |
| Jal Jeevan Mission | 2019 | a functional tap connection for every rural household by 2024 (extended) |
| Operation Greens | 2018 | tomato, onion and potato supply chain |
| PM Matsya Sampada Yojana | 2020 | fisheries (the "Blue Revolution") |
| National Livestock Mission, Rashtriya Gokul Mission | ||
| PM Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY) | 2020 | free food grains (5 kg per person per month) under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) 2013 |
| One Nation One Ration Card | 2019–20 | portability of ration cards |
| Pradhan Mantri Dhan-Dhaanya Krishi Yojana | 2025 | for low-productivity districts (announced in the 2025–26 Budget) |
Employment and skills
| Scheme | Year | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Skill India Mission | 15 July 2015 (World Youth Skills Day) | to train 40 crore people; NSDC; Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) — short-term skill training |
| Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) | 2014 | rural youth skilling and placement |
| National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) | 2016 | |
| Start-up India | 16 Jan 2016 | a start-up ecosystem; tax benefits; National Startup Day — 16 January |
| Make in India | 25 Sept 2014 | manufacturing; the lion logo |
| Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) | 2020 | incentives for manufacturing in 14 sectors (electronics, pharma, autos, textiles, solar and others) |
| Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyan | May 2020 | a ₹20 lakh crore package during the COVID-19 pandemic |
| PM Vishwakarma | 2023 | artisans and craftspeople |
| Employment-Linked Incentive (ELI) | 2024 | for first-time employees |
| PM Internship Scheme | 2024 | |
| e-Shram, Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY) | 2020–21 | |
| Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY) | 2016 | |
| Mission Karmayogi (civil services capacity building) | 2020 | |
| MSME Champions, Udyam Registration (2020), GeM, ONDC |